ALENA : Journal of Elementary Education

Fine Motor Skills In Early Childhood Education: A Bibliometric Analysis Of Scopus Publications (2021–2026) Using The Prisma Approach

2026-07-13T10:45:36+00:00

Fine motor skills in early childhood education are closely associated with children’s cognitive, emotional, communicative, and pedagogical development. This study aimed to bibliometrically analyze the scientific production on fine motor skills in early childhood education indexed in Scopus during 2021–2026. A quantitative, descriptive, and documentary bibliometric study was conducted following the PRISMA approach. Data were retrieved from the Scopus database in June 2026 using English and Spanish search terms. A total of 29 documents met the inclusion criteria and were analyzed. Bibliometric indicators were obtained using the Scopus Analyze Search Results tool, and the data were organized for descriptive analysis. The results showed sustained growth in scientific production over the study period. Scientific articles represented 83% of the analyzed documents, followed by review articles (14%) and conference papers (3%). Social sciences accounted for 33% of the publications, while Indonesia, Australia, and Spain were the leading contributors. Ecuador showed limited scientific production. The findings indicate that fine motor skills constitute an expanding field of research and highlight the need to strengthen scientific production, international collaboration, and evidence-based pedagogical practices in Ecuador.

Implementation of Traditional Game-Based Inquiry Learning Model to Improve Students' Speaking and Reading Skills Class 1

2025-12-12T05:54:07+00:00

Early literacy is a crucial foundation for the development of elementary school students' language skills, especially in the lower grades. However, in practice, students still experience difficulties in reading and speaking skills due to a lack of varied learning and the failure to fully engage students actively. Therefore, learning innovations are needed that are engaging, contextual, and tailored to the characteristics of early childhood students. This research aims to improve skills reading and speaking students through application of inquiry- based learning models game traditional hide- and-seek Literacy in first grade students of SD Negeri 60 Moncongloe Lappara. This research is a Classroom Action Research (CAR) which was carried out in two cycles based on the Kemmis and McTaggart model, which includes the planning and implementation stages action, observation, and reflection. The research subjects consisted of 30 first -grade students of SD Negeri 60 Moncongloe Lappara. Data collection techniques using observation, tests reading and speaking simple, as well as documentation of learning activities. Data analysis was carried out descriptive quantitative and qualitative to see the improvement in student learning outcomes in each cycle. The results of the study showed an increase in ability students' reading and speaking at each stage of the action. The average pre -test score action was 67.80, increasing to 72.47 in cycle I, and 78.10 in cycle II. The percentage increased learning completion from 26.67% to 66.67% and reached 90% in cycle II. Thus, the application of the inquiry- based learning model game traditional proven effective in improving skills early literacy of first grade students at SD Negeri 60 Moncongloe Lappara.

Analysis of The Implementation of The Merdeka Learning Curriculum at Buntu Ampang Primary School

2026-02-04T11:22:50+00:00

This study aims to analyze the implementation of the Merdeka Belajar curriculum at SDN Buntu Ampang, Baroko District, Enrekang Regency, through the implementation process, obstacles encountered, and the impacts after its implementation. This study uses a qualitative approach with a descriptive research type. The research subjects consisted of the principal, teachers, and students. Data collection techniques were carried out through interviews, observation, and documentation. Data analysis was carried out through the stages of data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results of the study indicate that the implementation of the Merdeka curriculum at SDN Buntu Ampang has been carried out quite well, especially in the planning and implementation of learning that is more flexible and student-centered. Teachers act as facilitators by using teaching modules and various learning methods, such as discussions, group work, and project-based learning. However, in the implementation there are still several obstacles, including limited internet access, and minimal training and mentoring of teachers related to the Merdeka curriculum. The impact of the implementation of the Merdeka curriculum shows an increase in learning motivation, activeness, creativity and independence of students in the learning process. Therefore, the implementation of the Merdeka curriculum needs to be supported by improved facilities and infrastructure as well as ongoing training for teachers to ensure optimal implementation.

Analysis of Tiktok Usage, Characteristics, and Learning Concentration Among Elementary School Students

2026-02-04T11:23:26+00:00

This research is motivated by the rapid use of TikTok social media among elementary school students, which raises concerns about the development of their ethical values and academic focus on learning. This study aimed to analyze the use of TikTok social media and its impact on the character and learning concentration of students at elementary school and the primary focus of this study is the students elementary school. The method used was descriptive qualitative with data collection techniques through observation, interviews, and documentation of students, teachers, and parents. The results show that students use TikTok for self-existence, creativity, and as a learning resource. TikTok usage has a dual impact on character: it has a positive influence on self-confidence and art skills but a negative impact on the use of impolite language if not supervised. Meanwhile, students' learning concentration tends to decrease, marked by a short focus duration (only ten to twenty minutes) and easily distracted due to being accustomed to fast short video stimulation. The conclusion of this research confirms that TikTok usage is negatively correlated with learning concentration and requires a synergy of supervision and guidance from teachers and parents so that the use of digital media remains educational and does not damage students' character.

The Effect Of The Stad-Type Cooperative Learning Model Through The Paikem Approach On The Character And Learning Outcomes Of Fourth-Grade Students At SDN

2026-02-27T03:09:51+00:00

This lstudy laims lto ldetermine lthe leffect lof lthe lSTAD-type lcooperative llearning lmodel lthrough lthe lPAIKEM lapproach lon lthe lcharacter land llearning loutcomes lof lfourth-grade lstudents lat lSDN l143 lInpres lLeko. lThe lresearch lemployed la lquantitative lmethod lwith la lQuasi-Experimental lDesign, linvolving l40 lstudents las lthe lsample lwho lwere ldivided linto lan lexperimental lgroup land la lcontrol lgroup. lData lwere lcollected lthrough lobservation lsheets, llearning loutcome ltests, land ldocumentation, land lwere lanalyzed lusing ldescriptive land linferential lstatistics. lThe lresults lshowed lthat lthe limplementation lof lthe lSTAD llearning lmodel lthrough lthe lPAIKEM lapproach lwas lcarried lout leffectively land lwas lable lto lenhance lstudents’ lcharacter, lmaking lthem lmore lactive, lcreative, ldisciplined, lresponsible, land lconfident. lIn laddition, lthe lapplication lof lthis lmodel lhad la lpositive leffect lon lstudents’ llearning loutcomes, las lindicated lby lthe limprovement lin lposttest lscores lcompared lto lpretest lscores. lOverall, lthis llearning lmodel lnot lonly limproves lstudents’ lacademic labilities lbut lalso lsupports lcharacter ldevelopment. lBased lon lthese lfindings, lthe lresearcher lrecommends lthat lteachers lconsistently limplement lthe lSTAD lmodel lwith lthe lPAIKEM lapproach lin lteaching land llearning lactivities, lschools lprovide ltraining land lsupporting lfacilities lfor lteachers, land lparents lsupport lcooperative-based llearning lat lhome lto lstrengthen lstudents’ lcharacter land llearning loutcomes.

The Effect Of The Project Based Learning Model With Poster Media And Ice Breaking On Ipas' Interest In Learning

2026-07-13T10:42:40+00:00

The low learning interest of elementary school students toward Natural and Social Sciences (IPAS) is a challenge that needs to be addressed through innovative teaching approaches. This study aims to examine the effect of the Project Based Learning (PjBL) model supported by poster media and ice breaking activities on the IPAS learning interest of fourth-grade students at SD Nurul Muttahid. Employing a one-group pretest-posttest experimental design, the study involved 20 students selected through simple random sampling from a population of 134. Data were collected using a 20-item multiple-choice test and observation sheets, and analyzed through descriptive and inferential statistics, including the Paired Samples T-Test. Results revealed a significant increase in mean learning interest scores from 77.25 (pretest) to 98.25 (posttest), with a t-value of 13.591 exceeding the critical t- table value of 2.093 (p < 0.05). The findings confirm that the integration of PjBL with poster media and ice breaking activities significantly enhances students' learning interest in IPAS.

Role Playing Learning Methods Integrated Inquiry Approach In Improving Interest Of Grade V Elementary School Students

2026-07-13T10:43:16+00:00

This research is the background of the low interest in learning of grade V students of SD Inpres Bontojai Makassar City which is caused by the learning process that is still dominated by the teacher's explanation (lecture method), so that students are less focused, passive, and less confident when appearing in front of the class. This research aims to increase students' interest in learning through the application of the Role Playing learning method integrated with an inquiry approach. The type of research used is Class Action Research (PTK) which is carried out in two cycles. The subject of this study is a grade V student of SD Inpres Bontojai, Makassar City. Data collection techniques are carried out through observation, interviews, and documentation. The data obtained was then analyzed using qualitative data analysis techniques and supported by quantitative data. The results of the study showed a significant increase in student learning interest from cycle I to cycle II. In the first cycle, students' interest and learning activities have begun to be seen but are not optimal because some students still feel embarrassed and lack confidence in role-playing. In cycle II, the development of student behavior has increased optimally; Students become more active, dare to ask questions, confident, and enthusiastic about learning. This success is evidenced by the percentage of student learning activities through the inquiry approach in cycle II which reached the good category, with details on Pancasila Education subjects of 76.42%, Mathematics of 78.125%, and Indonesian of 75.85%. Meanwhile, role playing in the second cycle reached the good category, with details on Pancasila Education subjects of 80.68%, Mathematics of 86.80%, and Indonesian language of 85.79%. Based on these results, it can be concluded that the application of the integrated Role Playing Learning method with an inquiry approach is able to significantly increase the learning interest of grade V students of SD Inpres Bontojai, Makassar City.

The Effectiveness Of Project-Based Learning With A Deep Learning Approach To IPAS Learning Outcomes

2026-07-13T10:44:22+00:00

The low learning outcomes of Natural and Social Sciences (IPAS) in elementary schools are largely influenced by learning practices that are still teacher-centered and have not encouraged students to think deeply. This study aims to (1) How to apply the Project Based Learning (PjBL) model with a Deep Learning approach, (2) How the learning outcomes of social studies students before and after the application of the model, and (3) test its effectiveness in improving the learning outcomes of social studies of class V students at UPT SPF SD Inpres Tangkala 1 Makassar City. The study used a quantitative approach with a pre-experimental one group pretest-posttest design, involving 18 students as research subjects. Data was collected through learning outcome tests, observation sheets, and documentation, then analyzed descriptively and inferentially using the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test with the help of SPSS version 29. The results showed an increase in the average score from 40.00 in the pretest to 92.22 in the posttest. The Wilcoxon test yielded a Z-value of -3.725 with Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed) < 0.001 (p < 0.05), so H0 is subtracted and H1 is accepted. Observation of teacher and student activities reached the very good category with a percentage of 87.5% and 80%, respectively. These findings prove that the application of the PjBL model with a Deep Learning approach is effective in improving the learning outcomes of IPAS students in class V, because it encourages meaningful learning, mindful learning, and joyful learning in an integrated manner in the real project stage.

The Application Of The Jarimatika Method Through Singing Media To Improve Mathematics Learning Outcomes

2026-07-13T10:43:52+00:00

This study aims to describe and analyze the application of the Jarimatika method through singing media in improving teacher activities, student activities, and mathematics learning outcomes in multiplication operation material for grade II STUDENTS MIS DDI Hasanuddin Maros Regency. The research uses the Classroom Action Research (PTK) approach with the Kurt Lewin model which consists of four stages, namely planning, implementation of actions, observation, and reflection. The research was carried out in two cycles with 13 students consisting of five male students and eight female students. Data collection techniques include observation, tests, and documentation, while data analysis is carried out descriptively, quantitatively, and qualitatively. The results of the study show that the application of the Jarimatika method through singing media is able to improve the quality of the process and results of mathematics learning. Teacher activity increased from 72.1% in Cycle I to 86.1% in Cycle II. Student activity increased from 75% to 83%. Students' learning outcomes have also increased, as shown by the percentage of learning completeness from 46% in Cycle I to 77% in Cycle II. This improvement shows that the use of the Jarimatika method through singing media is able to create more active, fun, and developmental learning in accordance with the developmental characteristics of elementary school students so as to help students understand the concept of multiplication more easily. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that the application of the Jarimatika method through singing media is effective in increasing teacher activities, student activities, and mathematics learning outcomes of multiplication operation material in grade II STUDENTS MIS DDI Hasanuddin Maros Regency. This method can be used as an alternative to learning mathematics in elementary school, especially in the material on multiplication calculation operations.

Application Of The Project Based Learning Model To Improve The Character Of The Student Profile Pancasila For Grade III Students In Elementary School

2026-07-23T03:59:20+00:00

This study aims to find out the overview of the implementation of the Project Based Learning model in grade III students of SDN Baddoka and to find out the improvement in the character of Pancasila student profiles after the application of the Project Based Learning model in grade III students of SDN Baddoka. The type and design of the research used in this study is Classroom Action Research (PTK). This research was carried out at SDN Baddoka this research, the subject of the research was grade III students of SDN Baddoka. The data analysis technique used is qualitative descriptive data analysis, namely by simplifying data, exposing or presenting data and drawing conclusions. The results of the study show that: 1). The implementation of the Project Based Learning model in grade III students of SDN Baddoka was successfully implemented using five stages of learning, namely opening (determining basic questions, design (preparing project planning), monitoring students and project progress as well as assessing results and evaluating the implementation of the PjBL: 2). With the implementation of the Project Based Learning model in grade III students of SDN Baddoka there was an increase in profile character Pancasila students in the observed dimension, namely the character of working together in the student element have the ability to collaborate with other individuals/groups (collaboration) and the student element is able to complete the tasks given to him and appreciate the efforts that have been made by other members in his group (positive interdependence) obtained the highest percentage, namely 96.30% with the Very High category, while in the student element is able to communicate, The percentage of hearing and listening to other people's messages and ideas (communication) is 85.40% (Very High). Likewise, in the Creative dimension, the percentage of students' character is also in the Very High category, which is 88.89%